ruminant
ISSUES
Young ruminants
Digestive fragility of calves
Neonatal diarrhoea: affects nutrient absorption and growth performance
Welfare of young animals
Bacteria encountered: E. Coli, Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella spp.
ISSUES
Adult ruminants
Frequently encountered bacteria
Risk periods: dietary transition, peri-partum, lactation peak, fattening period.